Language, then, is the heart within the bodies of culture, and it is the interaction between the two that results in the continuation of life-energy. The Importance Of Stradlater'S Composition In The Catcher In - Phdessay It is a comparison of two objects when the linkage is made explicit, like drumming like a noise in dreams. Once the idiom has been recognized and understood, the task is not yet finished: in the contrary, one could say that has just begun. From the investigated material can be concluded that in the well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye by Salinger can be single out the important features of the translation difficulties which are in a great number in this novel. Use of contractions: youll, dont, theyre, thats, isnt, hes. The semantics of a word reflects different signs of the subject and the relation of its meanings to other objects it denotes. Salinger is one of the best twentieth-century America authors. Lexical peculiarities comprise the following difficulties: difference in the semantic volume of a word because a word exists in a close connection with the lexical-semantic system of a given language. The second point that would be investigated in this work is the translation difficulties which are presented through various types that would be in details discuss in this reseach paper. Stuff is a collection of junk or a group of items or matter. As the source of the book's title, this symbol merits close inspection. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. (Chapter 12, pg. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. Latest answer posted February 26, 2021 at 10:56:04 AM. For most of the book, he sounds like a grumpy old man who is angry at the world, but his search for the ducks represents the curiosity of youth and a joyful willingness to encounter the mysteries of the world. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. One language may express a given meaning by means of a single word, another may express it by means of a transparent fixed expression, a third may express it by means of an idiom, and so on. Without a doubt, J.D. Hes trying to get across that Holden hates conflict, hes confused by Allies senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. The word kid is one of the numerous words which is used in the context with all his meanings such as Ackley kid? ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. The main strategy used was the practical act of comparing the above-mentioned versions, focusing on the importance of Salingers writing style and use of language (already discussed in the first chapters), on discussing mainly the cases of misunderstandings and mistranslations, of problems of equivalence, of losses and gains, of linguistic untranslatability, of the translators visibility or invisibility in the TT, on accuracy in translation, adaptability, fidelity and faithfulness or infidelityall these cases seconded by examples in point and by my personal suggestions of other possible translations of certain (more challenging) words or passages from Salingers novel. Renews March 10, 2023 catcher in the rye study guide Flashcards | Quizlet There are certain elements in every language which make reference to something else within the text or context of situation for their interpretation. There are several reasons for this difficulty. In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. The research started by using the strategy of creating links between different relevant aspects of J. D. Salingers life and work, different contexts involved in the production of his fiction, as well as in the production of the Romanian translations and different major studies on translation theories in order to have a strong starting point contribution in the analytic comparative case study between J. D. Salingers novel and its Romanian renditions in order to demonstrate Salingers reception, his impact on Romanian readership and the analysis of the need for a retranslation of his novel. There are different kinds of difficulties that appear during the process of translation and one of the main is lexical difficulties which is one of the main .Lexical difficulties in translation deals especially with the word meaning. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! A room. It cost him damn near four thousand bucks. It is clear inthe early chapters, that Holden does not have any real friendsat Pency Prep. It reveals potential expressiveness put in the lexical morphologic and syntactic means of a language. Contemporary met narratives were becoming less relevant in light of the implications of World War I, the rise of trade unionism, a general social discontent, and the emergence of psychoanalysis. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. Colloquialism is a lexical item used in informal speech; whilst the broadest sense of the term colloquialism might include slangism, its narrow sense does not. Why does Holden and Stradlater fight? - WittyQuestion.com Salinger uses symbolism from other books in his books to convey how the characters in his works will change for a better life. Not with poetry, and not even with prose, where the difficulty is generally assumed to be less. Holden believes childhood is very. About what did Holden write Stradlater's composition? - Answers This is not possible. Pinned, Holden continues to insult Stradlater, accusing him of thinking he can have sex with anyone he wants. Along with traditional combinations in languages unexpected combinations are also possible, but they are quite clear, for they follow generally accepted semantic models of word combinability. This shows that Holden wants to save him and other people from growing up one day. collected. This is a people shooting hat, I said. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. Holden himself realizes this to a degree when he acknowledges that his idea is crazy, yet he cannot come up with anything more pragmatic; he has trouble seeing the world in any other way. Observe the cat is scratching right now." Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. The ducks are in context to a scripture in the Bible, which tells of how the ducks are Free. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached.. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. The tension between the two increases when Holden asks Stradlater about his date with Jane. Drugs, used so as to be inconspicuous, but euphemistic. about, []. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye - onzehabitat.be Statements which are justifications of some action take the form of arguments. Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. Why is Holden obsessed with the ducks at the Central Park Lagoon? In this chapter it would be tried to focus on drawing a link between some general translation theories and the analysis of Romanian versions of Salingers novel, considering the general overview in this chapter a link or a starting point for the case study in the last chapter. What did Holden decide to write about in Stradlater's composition in According to most analyses, The Catcher in the Rye is a bildungsroman, a novel about a young character's growth into maturity. Scholars In any language there exists generally accepted tradition of word combinations, which do not coincide with the corresponding tradition of word combinations in the other languages. The Catcher In The Rye Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. His random and repeated lying highlights his own self-deceptionhe refuses to acknowledge his own shortcomings and is unwilling to consider how his behavior affects those around him. He thinks the line is If a body catch a body comin' through the rye, but the actual lyric is If a body meet a body, coming through the rye.. A large number of idioms in English, and probably all languages, have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning. To this I can also add the already discussed idea that even native speakers can get more meanings from a ST and its translation than by simply reading the ST in original. "Anyway, that's what I wrote Stradlater's composition about. Selling the typewriter also allows Holden to establish that he is "loaded" with money because of his grandmother's generosity and can afford to spend several days and nights in Manhattan. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye - stmatthewsbc.org The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". By continuing well assume youre on board with our Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. In The Catcher in the Rye, what do Holden and Stradlater fight over? A translation difficulty is a problem that could be met in the process of translation because a translation is the same text in a different language. So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. Both physical and emotional relationships offer Holden opportunity to break out of his isolated shell. The first problem is related to reading and comprehension ability in the source language. One of the fist stylistic devices that were used by the author in his novel The Cather in the Ray is characters speech. It should be mention that this research work represents a great theoretical value for those willing to take up their future carrier in the field of translations as invaluable reference to the methods and the ways of translation of literary masterpieces. The consequent need for a unifying function brought about a growth in the political importance of culture. CompletelyFlammable 2 yr. ago. Afterward, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater. The New Republic, Vol. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. Lexical peculiarities are the most important features of lexico-stylistic analyses and these features are very important for the reader in order easily to understand the whole content of the work. . on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. But it is what it aims at. Holden's definition of phoniness relies mostly on a kind of self-deception: he seems to reserve the most scorn for people who think that they are something they are not or who refuses to acknowledge their own weaknesses. The first type of translation difficulties that could be seen in J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray is distinguished between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. It does not follow that a person proposing an explanation has any sympathy for the views or actions being explained. For example attempts to justify a theft usually explain the motives (e.g., to feed a starving family). Explore how the human body functions as one unit in Experience, he asserts, is largely determined by the language habits of the community, and each separate structure represents a separate reality: No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. In recent years, Salinger's later work has been defended by some critics; in 2001, Janet Malcolm wrote in The New York Review of Books that "Zooey" "is arguably Salinger's masterpiece. Rereading it and its companion piece "Franny" is no less rewarding than rereading The Great Gatsby". This brief passage occurs in Chapter 3, after Holden has returned to his dorm room and is being pestered by Ackley. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. Every citizen how the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Does Mr. Antolini really make a pass at Holden? (one code per order). He goes to Mr. Antolini's because he feels he can trust and confide in himit seems to be his final chance to save himself. The ducks and their pond are symbolic in several ways. Up home we wear a hat like that to shoot deer in, for Chrissake, he said. Not only poets and writers, but also journalists frequently create unexpected word combination that makes their statements significantly vivid and original. He is scared of the unknown and cannot handle things that are very complicated. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. The Catcher In The Rye Essay Throughout the book, The Catcher In the Rye, the theme that I saw reoccurring in the novel was the painfulness of growing up. Holden introduced her to Stradlater, because he didn't want to date her himself. There are three symbols unparticular that are used most regularly in the novel. In this research the researcher tries to highlight the problems of the translators hesitation of translating the third-person pronoun, which the gender is not obvious, from Romanian to English. ?>. The point the authors trying to make is the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. or signs to have multiple meanings or a large semantic field. Holden realizes the irony that he is flunking out of Pencey, yet is still asked to do work for others. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need Throughout the novel, Holden struggles through teenage life because he cannot accept the given responsibilities that come with growing up. Stylistic (translational) equivalence, where there is `functional equivalence of elements in both original and translation aiming at an expressive identity with an invariant of identical meaning'. Lotman describes literature and art in general as a secondary modelling systems, as an indication of the fact that they are derived from the primary modelling system of language, and declares as firmly as Sapir or Whorf that `No language can exist unless it is stepped in the context of culture; and no culture can exist which does not have at its centre, the structure of natural language.' I didnt mind the idea so much, but I didnt feel like being lectured (J.D.Salinger:14)through this stylistic device the author wanted to point out to the reader that Holden wasnt a boy who like to read a lot of and showed the he didnt like to study. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. The theme such as the translation difficulties and lexical peculiarities is actual and well-known today because these are two the most important elements of a lexical-stylistic analysis or important elements of studies in lexicology and in translation studies. It's ironic because Stradlater is a good student, and Holden is being kicked out of school for failing. False friends - are an umbrella term where some similarity between two words in a language pair dealt with look or sound sufficiently alike to sometimes make translators render the source word by a target word that is semantically wrong in that context. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. You can view our. [5:p.66-67]. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Beyond the notion stressed by the narrowly linguistic approach, that translation involves the transfer of `meaning' contained in one set of language signs through competent use of the dictionary and grammar, the process involves a whole set of extra-linguistic criteria also. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. The Catcher in the Rye Flashcards | Quizlet cite it. It troubles him that he has changed each time he returns, while the museum's displays remain completely the same. It doesnt include every instance when the hearer or reader has to supply missing information, but only those cases where grammatical structure itself points to an item or items that can fill the slot in question. Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties inThe Catcher in the Rye by J. D.Salinger. is a thesis that was chosen in order to identify these important features. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. Some of the major conclusions, differences or main observations between English and Romanian versions could be summarized as follows: The Romanian version uses more diverse ways of rendering Holdens speech habits or linguistic repetitions. Since The Catcher in the Rye was written in the 1940s, many of the slangy expressions in it are probably nowadays considered old fashioned and not used anymore. In the preparatory phase of a translation, cognition, in the form of self-consciousness and self-confidence, plays a very important role, inasmuch as this period implies conscious mental activities, where translating problems are detected and analyzed, and information and knowledge are accumulated. Holden's jargon is consistent and very enlightening. Holden has already demonstrated that he fears and does not know how to deal with conflict, confusion, and change. Many translators mark out originality of his feature world and that is why the originality of his language and style and the specific usage of popular speech and dialectisms. However, if Fred and Joe agree on the fact that the cat has fleas, they may further question why this is so and put forth an explanation: "The reason the cat has fleas is that the weather has been damp." However, our English teacher was a belligerent person who claimed to know the 'mind of the writer' and claimed to have know him . And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. Holden relentlessly insults Stradlater, driving him crazy until he punches Holden and bloodies his nose. Unless the target-language idiom corresponds to the source-language idiom both in form and in meaning, the play on idiom cannot be successfully reproduced in the target text. Its hopeless, anyway. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. Separation of meanings and senses from the context, Despairing individual behaviors in the face of an unmanageable future, Objection of the traditional thoughts and the traditional moralities. The state of one's endowment. It is as if the mitt fills a void in Holden or gives him comfort when the hole becomes unbearable. This type contain two subtypes and one of these subtypes is Interjections and Exclamatory words which are words that that we use when we express our feelings strongly and which may be said to exist in language as conventional symbols of human emotions. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. Holdens kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. Creative solutions to translation problems; Transfer and re-wording (use of translation procedures); Assessment of the result and post-edition; One difficulty in translation stems from the fact that most words have multiple meanings. Ionescus translation has also accomplished its aim by the fact that it addresses young people and it uses 80-90% of their typical language, with very few exceptions (most likely limited by the social and cultural constraints of our modern society). What does this reveal about Holden? It is an implicit comparison of two unlike objects. Holden is scared of growing up, and also scared of the unknown. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. Modernists shared a common purpose. The terms 'explain' or 'explanation,' et cetera is frequently used in arguments. Because people are unpredictable, they challenge Holden and force him to question his senses of self-confidence and self-worth. What did holden write stadlater's composition about in The Catcher in the Rye? Phoniness, which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden's favorite concepts. He wants life to remain frozen like the display cases in the museum. He believes that once you mature you are phony, and he does his best to make sure that he does not become phony. He followed Catcher with a short story collection, Nine Stories (1953), a collection of a novella and a short story, Franny and Zooey (1961), and a collection of two novellas, Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). Historical Context Essay: Mental Health in the Mid-Twentieth Century, Literary Context Essay: Vernacular Language & The Catcher in the Rye. Nobodys being different. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Ccrowther Jonathan and Cavanagh Katchryn, Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press 2003; Printice Hall Literature American Experience, Second Edition, Printice Hall Edgewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Needham Massachusetts 1991; Crystal, David, The English Language. Stradlater insists, however, that Holden not write it too well, for the teacher knows that Holden is a hot-shot in English. J. D. Salingers secluded lifestyle had its share of contribution and impact on the very popularity he has rejected and the implicit controversy. Unless the target-language idiom corresponds to the source-language idiom both in form and in meaning, the play on idiom cannot be successfully reproduced in the target text. They are classified as : The first four are grammatical and the last one lexical. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. When rendering stylistic meaning of the source text a translator should be guided by the same principle to recreate in translation the same impression that might be left by the original text. The Catcher in the Rye Chapters 5 & 6 Summary & Analysis | SparkNotes can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing